This hormone stimulates the ovary to produce around five to 20 follicles (tiny nodules or cysts), which bead on the surface.Įach follicle houses an immature egg. Prompted by the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). The follicular phase starts on the first day of menstruation and ends with ovulation.
Using tampons has been associated with an increased risk of a rare illness called toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Both pads and tampons need to be changed regularly (at least every four hours). Sanitary pads or tampons are used to absorb the menstrual flow. The average length of a period is between three days and one week. Menstrual fluid contains blood, cells from the lining of the uterus (endometrial cells) and mucus. Menstruation is the elimination of the thickened lining of the uterus (endometrium) from the body through the vagina. The four main phases of the menstrual cycle are: The menstrual cycle is a biofeedback system, which means each structure and gland is affected by the activity of the others. A brain structure called the hypothalamus causes the nearby pituitary gland to produce certain chemicals, which prompt the ovaries to produce the sex hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The menstrual cycle is complex and is controlled by many different glands and the hormones that these glands produce. By this stage, other sexual characteristics have developed, such as pubic hair and budding breasts. Girls get their first period (menarche), on average, between the ages of 11 and 14 years. The length of your menstrual cycle is calculated from the first day of your period to the day before your next period starts. The average length of the menstrual cycle is 28–29 days, but this can vary between women and from one cycle to the next.
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